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Array Broadcasting

MediumNumPy Broadcasting

Problem Statement

Perform element-wise operations between arrays of different shapes.

Background

Broadcasting rules:

  1. Dimensions are compared from right to left
  2. Dimensions are compatible if equal or one of them is 1
  3. Arrays are "stretched" to match

Example: (3, 1) + (1, 4) → (3, 4)

Your Task

Write a function broadcast_arrays(row_vec, col_vec) that demonstrates broadcasting.

Given:

  • row_vec: Shape (1, n) - a row vector
  • col_vec: Shape (m, 1) - a column vector

Output Format

Return a dictionary with:

  • "sum": row_vec + col_vec (broadcasts to m×n)
  • "product": row_vec * col_vec (broadcasts to m×n)
  • "result_shape": Shape of result (as list)

Example:

Input:
row = [[1, 2, 3]], col = [[10], [20]]
Output:
{'sum': [[11, 12, 13], [21, 22, 23]], ...}
Reasoning:

Each row_vec element combines with each col_vec element

Constraints:

  • row_vec has shape (1, n)
  • col_vec has shape (m, 1)
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Test Results

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