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String to Integer (atoi)

mediumPROArrays & StringsMeta DSA

Implement myAtoi(s) which converts a string to a 32-bit signed integer:

  1. Skip leading whitespace
  2. Read an optional '+' or '-' sign
  3. Read digits until a non-digit character or end of string
  4. Clamp the result to the 32-bit signed integer range: [-2^31, 2^31 - 1]
  5. Return 0 if no digits were read

Example

Input
   -42
Output
-42
Reasoning
  • The function skips leading whitespace, but since there's none in the input -42, it proceeds to the next step.
  • It reads the optional sign, which is - in this case, indicating a negative number.
  • The function then reads the digits 42 and converts them to an integer: result=−1⋅42=−42result = -1 \cdot 42 = -42.
  • Since −42-42 is within the 32-bit signed integer range [−231,231−1][-2^{31}, 2^{31} - 1], the result is not clamped and is returned as is.
  • The final output is -42.

Constraints

  • 0 <= len(s) <= 200
  • s consists of English letters, digits, ' ', '+', '-', '.'

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